|
Ashburn is a hamlet in the town of Whitby, Durham Region, Ontario, Canada, located approximately 15 kilometres north of the town core, and centred on the intersection of Ashburn Road and Myrtle Road. It is a rural settlement area on the Oak Ridges Moraine, situated on the headwaters of the Lynde Creek watershed and part of Ontario's protected Golden Horseshoe Greenbelt.〔Central Lake Ontario Conservation (Land and Water Conservation ), accessed March 16, 2012; also Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing, (The Oak Ridges Moraine: Map ); and (Greenbelt Protection ), accessed March 16, 2012.〕 ==History== The community was originally named ''Butler's Corners'' after settler Richard Butler in 1832. The first European settlers were primarily Scottish immigrants. A much earlier native settlement on the Lynde Creek immediately south of the hamlet has been documented.〔"(Historic Rock near Brooklin )" (1938), ''Greenwood - Kinsale Tweesdmiur History 1920-1938'', p. 55; also Central Lake Ontario Conservation, "Lynde Creek Watershed Existing Conditions Report: (4.0 Settlement of the Lynde Creek Watershed )" (June 2008), ch. 2, pp. 6-7.〕 In the late 1830s, the Windsor Road Company was created and a road was built from Windsor Harbour (Whitby) to Butler's Corners.〔Timmins Martelle Heritage Consultants, "(Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment, GO Transit, Whitby to Bowmannville Extension )" (Oct. 2010), p. 18.〕 The first store was opened in 1847.〔J.C. Connor and J.W. Coltson, ''(The County of Ontario Directory for 1869-1870 ) (Toronto: Hunter & Rose, 1869), 9.〕 The name "Ashburn" was eventually chosen in 1850 because of the community's connection to the potash industry. "Asheries were built to produce potash from the trees that were cleared during the settlement of Whitby Township."〔Central Lake Ontario Conservation, "Lynde Creek Watershed Existing Conditions Report: (4.5 Settlement in the Ashburn Subwatershed )" (June 2008), ch. 2, pp. 14-15.〕 The original spelling—Ashbourne, after Ashbourne, Derbyshire in England—was changed in error due to the cancellation stamp used by the post office (est. 1852). In 1857, Whitby Township was divided into two municipalities: East Whitby, and Whitby. Ashburn was one of the principal villages of Township of Whitby, together with Brooklin and Myrtle. In 1869, Ashburn had a population between 100 and 250, with a stage coach to Uxbridge and Whitby, daily mail, an Orange Society (No. 176), three stores, two hotels and several blacksmiths and wagonmakers.〔Province of Ontario, (Gazetteer and Directory ) (Toronto: Robertson, 1869), 33, gives a population of 100; J.C. Connor and J.W. Coltson, ''(The County of Ontario Directory for 1869-1870 )'' (Toronto: Hunter & Rose, 1869), 9; gives a population of about 180; H. N. McEvoy, ed., ''(Gazetteer and Directory for the Province of Ontario for 1866 )'' (Toronto: Mitchell & Co., 1866), p. 7, gives a population of 250. See also the 1877 map of Whitby Township with names of Ashburn landowners, lots and concessions: ''(The Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Ontario )'' (Toronto: Beers, 1877).〕 Between 1870 and 1872, a railway was built from Port Whitby on Lake Ontario to Port Perry on Lake Scugog, crossing Myrtle Road two kilometres east of Ashburn. The Port Whitby and Port Perry Railway—which was dismantled in 1941—allowed the hamlets of Whitby Township to ship grain and timber south to the railway mainlines along Lake Ontario. In 1875 the hamlet had a population of 150.〔P.A. Crossby, ed., (Lovell's Gazetteer of British North America ) (Montreal: Lovell, 1875), 22.〕 In the nineteenth century the local Agricultural Society regularly held cattle fairs in the village.〔W. H. Higgins, ''(The Life and Times of Joseph Gould )'', (Toronto: C. Blackett Robinson, 1887), 262; also 129.〕 By 1910, the village's population declined to 100, and had a daily stage to the railway station in Myrtle.〔Province of Ontario, (Gazetteer and Directory, 1910-1911 ) (Ingersoll: Union, 1910), p. 32.〕 It was serviced by the Claremont and Ashburn Telephone Company, which later became part of the York and Ontario Telephone Union.〔Wllm. R. Wood, ''(Past Years in Pickering: Sketches of the History of the Community )'' (Toronto: Wllm Briggs, 1911).〕 The Burns Presbyterian Church has been central to the community since its beginnings in 1849. The first church building was constructed in 1857. It was completely destroyed by fire in 1967, and a new building was completed in 1968. In 2012 a major addition and renovation was undertaken by the congregation.〔Archeion, (Fonds CONG-21 - Burn's Presbyterian Church (Ashburn, Ont.) fonds ), accessed March 17, 2012; also Burns Presbyterian Church, "(History )," accessed March 17, 2012.〕 The Ashburn School House (after 1967 a community centre) was built circa 1861 by William Pearson (1833–1897), a Scottish builder who constructed many fine stone houses in Whitby and Pickering; each wall was constructed in a different style to showcase Pearson's masonry skill. The school was designated a "cultural heritage property" in 1984.〔Town of Whitby, (Ashburn Community Centre ), accessed March 16, 2012; also Pickering-Ajax Digital Library, "(Ashburn School )," accessed March 18, 2012. There are two other designated cultural heritage properties in Ashburn: the James Matthewson House and the Halsted-Fisher House (Ministry of Transportation, "407 East Cultural Heritage Existing Conditions, (Appendix C: Town of Whitby Cultural Heritage Properties )," August 2009).〕 In 1866, the school had about 80 pupils.〔H. N. McEvoy, ed., ''(Gazetteer and Directory for the Province of Ontario for 1866 )'' (Toronto: Mitchell & Co., 1866), p. 7.〕 Today, the designated primary schools for Ashburn are in the neighbouring community of Brooklin, and the secondary schools in urban Witby.〔Durham District School Board,(School Locator ), and Durham Catholic District School Board,(School Locator ), accessed March 18, 2012.〕 On January 1, 1968, Whitby and the Township of Whitby, which included Ashburn and the three rural hamlets of Brooklin, Myrtle and Myrtle Station, amalgamated into the new Town of Whitby. The hamlet received a house numbering system in the 1980s.〔Whitby Public Library, "(Whitby Online Historic Photographs Collection: House Numbering in Whitby )," accessed March 18, 2012.〕 In 1972 Ashburn added only its third street when the Bryson family sold 9 acres in the northeast quadrant of the village to a developer with the stipulation that the street servicing the development be named after their two children, Glen and Laura. In 1999 the community was visited by Prince Andrew, Duke of York, and in 2000 Ashburn celebrated its 150th anniversary.〔Royal Ashburn Golf Club, (Our History ), accessed March 17, 2012.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ashburn, Ontario」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|
